What is the first step in managing a patient experiencing eclampsia?

The first step in managing a patient experiencing eclampsia is to ensure the safety and stability of the patient, which primarily involves controlling the airway and breathing. Eclampsia is characterized by the occurrence of seizures in a pregnant woman, which can pose significant risks such as aspiration, compromised airway, and inadequate oxygenation.

Addressing airway and breathing is critical immediately following a seizure to prevent hypoxia and further complications. If the patient is unconscious or semi-conscious postictally, positioning the patient correctly and ensuring a patent airway is essential for adequate ventilation. This step lays the groundwork for further interventions, such as administering medications or preparing for delivery if needed.

Once airway and breathing have been secured, the administration of magnesium sulfate typically follows as it is the standard treatment to prevent further seizures. Additionally, while positioning the patient on her left side is an important maneuver to improve venous return and reduce the risk of supine hypotension, it is secondary to the immediate need to stabilize the airway. Preparing for immediate delivery may also be necessary depending on the clinical scenario, but ensuring respiratory stability takes precedence to prevent further complications.