What is the definitive diagnosis of eclampsia?

The definitive diagnosis of eclampsia is determined by the onset of seizures. Eclampsia is a serious condition associated with severe preeclampsia, characterized by new-onset seizures in a pregnant woman who has previously been diagnosed with preeclampsia or presents with symptoms of hypertension and edema. The presence of seizures is what distinguishes eclampsia from other hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, making it a critical factor in its diagnosis.

While elevated blood pressure is a common finding in both preeclampsia and eclampsia, it is not exclusive to eclampsia and can also occur in other conditions. Similarly, renal failure and proteinuria may occur in preeclampsia, but neither of these are definitive indicators of eclampsia. Therefore, the onset of seizures is the key clinical criterion that confirms the diagnosis of eclampsia, emphasizing the need for immediate medical intervention to protect both the mother and the fetus.